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There are a number of different types of oil free air compressor available:

Oil free rotary screw air compressor 

Within an oil free rotary screw compressor, external gears synchronise the position of the counter-rotating screw elements. The rotors do not come into contact with each other or create friction so no lubrication is needed within the compression chamber. This provides oil free compressed air. 

Oil free piston compressor 

A regular piston compressor contains a crankshaft with a connecting rod and piston, cylinder and valve heat. These components work together to produce pressure. Piston compressors can be either oil free or lubricated. An oil free piston compressor does not inject oil into the compression chamber. It uses Teflon coated rings for protection. 

Oil free piston compressors prevent oil from entering the compression chamber and use self-lubricating materials or heat resistant, non-metallic guides and piston rings that are self-lubricating. 

Oil free scroll compressors

These compressors work as a single spiral-shaped rotor oscillates against a similar fixed spiral and, as these spirals move against each other, the cavity trapping air between them becomes progressively smaller. This decrease in volume forces the fixed volume of intake air to increase in pressure. 

There is no metal to metal contact between the scrolls which removes the need for lubrication in the compression chamber and allows for oil free air delivery. 

Oil free rotary lobe compressors 

These compressors are positive displacement, non-contact or clearance type compressors. They consist of two intermeshing rotors with lobe profiles that intermesh during rotation. Rotation continues until the two discharge ports are exposed to the compression chamber, where the air is discharged.